Happy Birthday RIP Richard Mulligan(1932–2000) ; Garry Marshall(Garry Maschiarelli)–78 Joe Mantegna–65 Frances Conroy–59 Tracy Scoggins–59 Whoopi Goldberg(Caryn Johnson)–57 Jimmy Kimmel–45 Gerard Butler–43 Jordan Bridges–39 Michael Copon–30; 1927 – The Holland Tunnel opens to traffic as the first Hudson River vehicle tunnel linking New Jersey to New York City. ; 1956 – The United States Supreme Court declares Alabama laws requiring segregated buses illegal, thus ending the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Happy Birthday RIP Grace Kelly(1929–1982) ; Neil Young–67 Megan Mullally–54 Nadia Comăneci–51 Sammy Sosa–44 Craig Parker–42 Harvey Stephens–42 Ryan Gosling–32 Anne Hathaway–30 ; 1954 – Ellis Island closed after processing more than 20 million immigrants since opening in New York Harbor in 1892.

Happy Birthday Jonathan Winters–87 Barbara Levy Boxer–72 Stanley Tucci–52 Demi Moore(Demetria Guynes)–50 Calista Flockhart–48 Philip McKeon–48 Carson Kressley–43 Leonardo DiCaprio–38; 1750 – The F.H.C. Society, also known as the Flat Hat Club, is formed at Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia. It is the first college fraternity.

Happy Birthday RIP Richard Burton(Richard Jenkins 1925–1984) Vincent Schiavelli(1948–2005) ; Russell Johnson–88 Jack Scalia(Giacomo Tedesco)–62 Sinbad(David Adkins)–56 Laura Mackenzie Phillips–53 Tommy Davidson–49 Tracy Morgan–44 Ellen Pompeo–43 Heather Matarazzo–30 ; 1775 – The United States Marine Corps is founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia by Samuel Nicholas under authority of the Continental Congress.

Happy Birthday RIP Carl Sagan(1934–1996) Hedy Lamarr(Hedwig Kiesler 1913–2000) ; Dorrel “Whitey” Herzog–81 Robert David Hall–64 Lou Ferrigno–61 Robert Duncan McNeill–48 Eric Dane–40 Nick Lachey–39 ; 1967 – First issue of Rolling Stone Magazine is published 

Happy Birthday RIP Esther Rolle(1920–1998) ; Norman Lloyd–98 Morley Safer–81 Bonnie Raitt–63 Mary Hart(Mary Harum)–62 Christie Hefner–60 Alfre Woodard–60 Chi Chi LaRue(Larry Paciotti)–53 Leif Garrett(Leif Per Nervik)–51 Parker Posey–44 Gretchen Mol–40 Tara Reid–37 ; 1895 – While experimenting with electricity, Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the X-ray.

Happy Birthday RIP Dana Plato Strain(1964–1999) ; Joni Mitchell(Roberta Anderson)–69 David Petraeus–60 Judy Tenuta–56 Christopher Knight–55 David Guetta–45 Michelle Clunie–43 Jason and Jeremy London–40 ; 1665 – The London Gazette, the oldest surviving journal, is first published.

Happy Birthday RIP Charles Henry Dow(Founder WSJ and creator Dow Industrial Average 1851–1902) ; Sally Field-66 Glenn Frey-64 Maria Shriver-57 Ethan Hawke-42 Rebecca Romijn-40 ; 1860, former Illinois congressman Abraham Lincoln defeated three other candidates for the U.S. presidency.

Happy Birthday RIP Roy Rogers(Leonard Slye 1911–1998) Vivien Leigh Hartley(1913–1967) ; Elke Sommer(Elke von Schletz)-72 Art Garfunkel-71 Samuel Shepard Rogers-69 Bryan Adams-54 Katherine Matilda Swinton-52 Tatum O’Neal-49 Famke Janssen-48 Sam Rockwell-44 Samuel Page Elliot-36 ; 1935 Parker Brothers began marketing the board game “Monopoly.”

Happy Birthday RIP Art Carney(1918–2003) ; Doris Roberts(Green)-87 Loretta Swit-75 Laura Bush-66 Marjorie “Markie” Post-62 Kathleen “Kathy” Griffin-52 Ralph Macchio-51 Matthew McConaughey-43 Sean John Combs-43 ; 2008 California voters approved Proposition 8, a constitutional amendment outlawing same-sex marriage.